DNT: I found myself in a similar position, my last pc was from 2010. Have you had a look at various prebuilt systems just to get an idea of what different budgets can buy? Its also interesting to see at which price points they replace an inferior technology with better stuff.
Stuff like "hard drives" have come a LONG way. From the old 3.5 inch to SSD which I had in 2010 and it was amazing, tech has moved along a bit more to what I have an NVME drive. I have 1TB of storage but at first firing it up, I never saw a windows loading screen. I had bios then just in windows and loaded .. mind blown!
https://www.velocitymicro.com/blog/nvme-vs-m-2-vs-sata-whats-the-difference/Yeah video cards are pricing, stupid crypto bullshit and everything wanting a microchip in it these days. You'll know the type of things you want. Look at recommended specs, not minimums. Do you want this to last another 13 years?
How dusty is your old case? Unless its super sentimental, consider a new one, no dusty, special mounts to hold the supersized video card in place.
RGB:
https://qph.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-820efba31fec6ad845732536d2631693 doesn't technically improve things but looks sweet.
https://qph.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-820efba31fec6ad845732536d2631693 we have come a long way from biege bricks of computers
Do you care if its a full size thing? or you can get a very computer box with everything you'd need these days?
I got a machine with 16GB of RAM which was great .. then got another 16GB on a sale in November.
Windows 11 seems too rough around the edges for now ..
Edit: forgot to say, I also picked up a brand new monitor. Keep in mind your existing screen would work, but I got a new monitor to take advantage of my graphics card. It has newer options for ports and I got a curved screen which I don't even notice anymore. You can get a large screen but doesn't take up too much space on your desk!